which led to vietnam, and a generation whose inclination was not to intervene, which may have led to rwanda and 800,000 deaths, what lessons are you worried about people taking the wrong lessons from right now in the international arena? >> well, i think that we -- the lesson, i think, is that we do need to take action. the question is, what kind of action. and i am very interested in the way that syria is being approached. in terms of really using -- i teach a course on the national security toolbox. and we look at the various aspects of this, and what's happening is, the u.s. government and the international community is using the tools, operating internationally, getting international pressure, a variety of sanctions that are tighter and tighter. humanitarian assistance and saying that no options are off the table. so i know people talk about appeasement. it has nothing to do -- you know, assad may be a terrible, but he's not hitler. and it's not the same as when the western powers were basically trying to figure out how not to do anything over czechoslovakia, and here we really are tryi